What Is a Treaty?
A treaty is "[a]n agreement formally signed, ratified, or adhered to between two countries or sovereigns; an international agreement concluded between two or more states in written form and governed by international law." Treaty, Black's Law Dictionary (10th ed. 2014). A treaty may also be referred to as an accord, charter, convention, covenant, declaration, pact, or protocol.
Common Abbreviations
E.T.S. = European Treaty Series
I.L.M. = International Legal Materials
O.A.S.T.S. = Organization of American States Treaty Series
O.J. = Official Journal of the European Union
S. Exec. Doc. = Senate Executive Documents (microform)
S. Treaty Doc. = Senate Treaty Documents
Stat. = United States Statutes at Large
T.S. = Treaty Series
T.I.A.S. = Treaties and Other International Acts Series
U.N.T.S. = United Nations Treaty Series
U.S.T. = United States Treaties
Bluebooking Treaties
Use Bluebook Rule 21.4 to properly cite treaties and other international instruments.
